Measuring the manifestation of hooliganism among fans of Egyptian Football League

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Abstract

Measuring the manifestations of hooliganism among fans of the Egyptian Football League clubs, the study was conducted on a survey sample of (98) fans of the Egyptian Football League clubs for the 2019/2020 sports season, and was selected in a random manner, the researchers used the descriptive approach, because of its suitability to the nature of this research.The researchers used the fanatic scale of sports fanaticism consisting of (4 dimensions and 39 words) in its final form as follows: the first dimension (mathematical aggression: it consists of 19 words), the second dimension (involuntary passions: it consists of 8 phrases), the third dimension (knowledge Mathematical: It consists of 6 phrases. The fourth dimension (Mathematical affiliation: It consists of 6 phrases). Prepared by ... Hanan Abdel Moneim Abdel Hamid.After making sure that all administrative and scientific conditions are met, the measure of the manifestations of sports intolerance among fans was applied to the research sample and its strength (n=1000), in accordance with the conditions set for the selection of the sample.
The most important results:
- Identify the manifestations of sports intolerance affecting fans of the Egyptian Football League clubs.
- The responses of the fans around the axis of aggression came at an average estimated level, with a relative weight of 66.303%.
- The responses of fans around the emotion axis came at an average discretionary level, with a relative weight of 56.54%. 
Recommendations of the research:
-Applying the scale to various samples from Egyptian university students to identify their level of intolerance through social media.
- The need to involve civil society institutions in the process of promoting cultural values ​​among children.
- Intensified educational programs in tribal areas to reduce intolerance.
 -The need to prepare a comprehensive, systematic and clear plan to increase sports awareness.

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